$ bitcoin-cli help gettransaction
gettransaction "txid" ( includeWatchonly )
获取关于钱包内交易 的详细信息
参数：
1. "txid" （字符串，必备）交易索引
2. includeWatchonly（布尔型，可选，默认为 false）在余额计算和 details[] 中是否包含 watchonly 地址
结果：
{
"amount" : x.xxx, （数字）以 BTC 为单位的交易金额
"confirmations" : n, （数字）确认数
"blockhash" : "hash", （字符串）区块哈希
"blockindex" : xx, （数字）区块索引
"blocktime" : ttt, （数字）从格林尼治时间（1970-01-01 00:00:00）开始以秒为单位的区块时间
"txid" : "transactionid",（字符串）交易索引
"time" : ttt, （数字）从格林尼治时间（1970-01-01 00:00:00）开始以秒为单位的交易时间
"timereceived" : ttt, （数字）从格林尼治时间（1970-01-01 00:00:00）开始以秒为单位的收到交易时间
"bip125-replaceable": "yes|no|unknown"（字符串）该交易是否由于 BIP125 （通过交易费替换）被替换；
可能不知道未确认的交易不在内存池中
"details" : [
{
"account" : "accountname", （字符串）已过时。包含在交易中的账户名，对于默认账户可以为 ""
"address" : "bitcoinaddress",（字符串）包含在交易中的比特币地址
"category" : "send|receive", （字符串）类别，'send' 或 'receive'
"amount" : x.xxx, （数字）以 BTC 为单位的金额
"label" : "label", （字符串）一条地址/交易的评论，如果存在
"vout" : n, （数字）输出序号
}
,...
],
"hex" : "data" （字符串）交易原始数据
}
例子：
> bitcoin-cli gettransaction "1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d"
> bitcoin-cli gettransaction "1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d" true
> curl --user myusername:mypassword --data-binary '{"jsonrpc": "1.0", "id":"curltest", "method": "gettransaction", "params": ["1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d"] }' -H 'content-type: text/plain;' http://127.0.0.1:8332/
</pre>
## 源码剖析
`gettransaction` 对应的函数在文件 `rpcserver.h` 中被引用。
```cpp
extern UniValue gettransaction(const UniValue& params, bool fHelp);
```
实现在文件 `wallet/rpcwallet.cpp` 中。
```cpp
UniValue gettransaction(const UniValue& params, bool fHelp)
{
if (!EnsureWalletIsAvailable(fHelp)) // 1. 确保钱包可用
return NullUniValue;
if (fHelp || params.size() < 1 || params.size() > 2)
throw runtime_error(
"gettransaction \"txid\" ( includeWatchonly )\n"
"\nGet detailed information about in-wallet transaction \n"
"\nArguments:\n"
"1. \"txid\" (string, required) The transaction id\n"
"2. \"includeWatchonly\" (bool, optional, default=false) Whether to include watchonly addresses in balance calculation and details[]\n"
"\nResult:\n"
"{\n"
" \"amount\" : x.xxx, (numeric) The transaction amount in " + CURRENCY_UNIT + "\n"
" \"confirmations\" : n, (numeric) The number of confirmations\n"
" \"blockhash\" : \"hash\", (string) The block hash\n"
" \"blockindex\" : xx, (numeric) The block index\n"
" \"blocktime\" : ttt, (numeric) The time in seconds since epoch (1 Jan 1970 GMT)\n"
" \"txid\" : \"transactionid\", (string) The transaction id.\n"
" \"time\" : ttt, (numeric) The transaction time in seconds since epoch (1 Jan 1970 GMT)\n"
" \"timereceived\" : ttt, (numeric) The time received in seconds since epoch (1 Jan 1970 GMT)\n"
" \"bip125-replaceable\": \"yes|no|unknown\" (string) Whether this transaction could be replaced due to BIP125 (replace-by-fee);\n"
" may be unknown for unconfirmed transactions not in the mempool\n"
" \"details\" : [\n"
" {\n"
" \"account\" : \"accountname\", (string) DEPRECATED. The account name involved in the transaction, can be \"\" for the default account.\n"
" \"address\" : \"bitcoinaddress\", (string) The bitcoin address involved in the transaction\n"
" \"category\" : \"send|receive\", (string) The category, either 'send' or 'receive'\n"
" \"amount\" : x.xxx, (numeric) The amount in " + CURRENCY_UNIT + "\n"
" \"label\" : \"label\", (string) A comment for the address/transaction, if any\n"
" \"vout\" : n, (numeric) the vout value\n"
" }\n"
" ,...\n"
" ],\n"
" \"hex\" : \"data\" (string) Raw data for transaction\n"
"}\n"
"\nExamples:\n"
+ HelpExampleCli("gettransaction", "\"1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d\"")
+ HelpExampleCli("gettransaction", "\"1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d\" true")
+ HelpExampleRpc("gettransaction", "\"1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d\"")
); // 2. 帮助内容
LOCK2(cs_main, pwalletMain->cs_wallet);
uint256 hash;
hash.SetHex(params[0].get_str());
isminefilter filter = ISMINE_SPENDABLE;
if(params.size() > 1)
if(params[1].get_bool())
filter = filter | ISMINE_WATCH_ONLY; // 设置 watch-only 选项
UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ); // 3. 获取交易信息
if (!pwalletMain->mapWallet.count(hash)) // 验证钱包中是否存在该交易
throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Invalid or non-wallet transaction id");
const CWalletTx& wtx = pwalletMain->mapWallet[hash]; // 获取索引对应的钱包交易
CAmount nCredit = wtx.GetCredit(filter); // 贷款金额
CAmount nDebit = wtx.GetDebit(filter); // 借出金额
CAmount nNet = nCredit - nDebit; // 净赚
CAmount nFee = (wtx.IsFromMe(filter) ? wtx.GetValueOut() - nDebit : 0); // 交易费
entry.push_back(Pair("amount", ValueFromAmount(nNet - nFee))); // 余额
if (wtx.IsFromMe(filter)) // 如果该交易属于自己（发送）
entry.push_back(Pair("fee", ValueFromAmount(nFee))); // 余额
WalletTxToJSON(wtx, entry); // 钱包交易转换为 JSON 格式
UniValue details(UniValue::VARR);
ListTransactions(wtx, "*", 0, false, details, filter); // 获取交易细节
entry.push_back(Pair("details", details)); // 加入细节信息
string strHex = EncodeHexTx(static_cast(wtx)); // 对钱包交易进行 16 进制编码
entry.push_back(Pair("hex", strHex)); // 交易的 16 进制编码形式（非交易索引）
return entry;
}
```
### 1. 确保钱包可用
参考[比特币 RPC 命令「fundrawtransaction」1. 确保钱包可用](/blog/2018/07/bitcoin-rpc-fundrawtransaction.html#1-确保钱包可用)。
### 2. 帮助内容
参考[比特币 RPC 命令「getbestblockhash」1. 帮助内容](/blog/2018/05/bitcoin-rpc-getbestblockhash.html#1-帮助内容)。
### 3. 获取交易信息
函数 `WalletTxToJSON(wtx, entry)` 定义在文件 `wallet/rpcwallet.cpp` 中。
```cpp
void WalletTxToJSON(const CWalletTx& wtx, UniValue& entry)
{
int confirms = wtx.GetDepthInMainChain();
entry.push_back(Pair("confirmations", confirms)); // 确认数
if (wtx.IsCoinBase())
entry.push_back(Pair("generated", true)); // 为创币交易
if (confirms > 0) // 已上链
{
entry.push_back(Pair("blockhash", wtx.hashBlock.GetHex())); // 区块哈希
entry.push_back(Pair("blockindex", wtx.nIndex)); // 交易索引
entry.push_back(Pair("blocktime", mapBlockIndex[wtx.hashBlock]->GetBlockTime())); // 区块创建时间
} else { // 还在内存池中（未上链）
entry.push_back(Pair("trusted", wtx.IsTrusted())); // 该交易可信
}
uint256 hash = wtx.GetHash();
entry.push_back(Pair("txid", hash.GetHex())); // 交易索引
UniValue conflicts(UniValue::VARR);
BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& conflict, wtx.GetConflicts())
conflicts.push_back(conflict.GetHex());
entry.push_back(Pair("walletconflicts", conflicts)); // 钱包冲突
entry.push_back(Pair("time", wtx.GetTxTime())); // 交易发起时间
entry.push_back(Pair("timereceived", (int64_t)wtx.nTimeReceived)); // 交易接收时间
// Add opt-in RBF status // 添加选择性的 RBF 状态
std::string rbfStatus = "no";
if (confirms <= 0) {
LOCK(mempool.cs);
if (!mempool.exists(hash)) {
if (SignalsOptInRBF(wtx)) {
rbfStatus = "yes";
} else {
rbfStatus = "unknown";
}
} else if (IsRBFOptIn(*mempool.mapTx.find(hash), mempool)) {
rbfStatus = "yes";
}
}
entry.push_back(Pair("bip125-replaceable", rbfStatus));
BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(string,string)& item, wtx.mapValue)
entry.push_back(Pair(item.first, item.second));
}
```
## 参考链接
* [bitcoin/rpcserver.h at v0.12.1 · bitcoin/bitcoin](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.12.1/src/rpcserver.h){:target="_blank"}
* [bitcoin/rpcserver.cpp at v0.12.1 · bitcoin/bitcoin](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.12.1/src/rpcserver.cpp){:target="_blank"}
* [bitcoin/rpcwallet.cpp at v0.12.1 · bitcoin/bitcoin](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.12.1/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp){:target="_blank"}
* [bitcoin/init.h at v0.12.1 · bitcoin/bitcoin](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.12.1/src/init.h){:target="_blank"}
* [bitcoin/init.cpp at v0.12.1 · bitcoin/bitcoin](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v0.12.1/src/init.cpp){:target="_blank"}